Clinical and hemodynamic characterization of acute unstable angina associated with metabolic syndrome
Keywords:
unstable angina; metabolic syndrome; cardiovascular risk factors; cardiovascular complications; risk stratificationAbstract
Abstract
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Metabolic syndrome is an important cluster of risk factors that increases the likelihood of acute cardiovascular events.
Objective: To describe the clinical and hemodynamic characteristics of patients with unstable angina with electrocardiographic changes associated with metabolic syndrome.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 1,912 patients admitted with unstable angina in the Cardiology service of Carlos Manuel de Céspedes Hospital, Bayamo, Cuba, between January 2020 and May 2022. Clinical, electrocardiographic, echocardiographic, and biochemical data were collected. Descriptive statistical techniques and SPSS 25.0 software were used for data analysis.
Results: The prevalence of MS was 30.2 %. Males predominated (58.5 %) with a mean age of 62.1 ± 8.6 years. In females, the prevalence of age ≥ 65 years, dyslipidemia, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and left ventricular dysfunction was higher, whereas smoking, left ventricular hypertrophy, and hypertensive cardiopathy were more frequent in males. The most common electrocardiographic abnormalities were mixed ST-T changes, T wave inversion, and ST segment depression. The most frequent complications were recurrent and refractory chest pain and heart failure.
Conclusions: These results demonstrate a significant association between metabolic syndrome and a more complex clinical presentation with severe cardiovascular complications. Implementation of comprehensive prevention strategies and development of predictive tools are recommended to improve clinical management and prognosis in these patients.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Domingo Yasiel Moreno Aliaga, Julio Alberto Pérez Domínguez, Orlando Santiago Aguilar Almaguer , José Alberto Sánchez Guerra, Alfredo Leyva Rodriguez

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