Ischemic Cerebral Infarction: Predictive Factors for Recovery of Functional Capacity. A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis
Keywords:
Stroke; Predictive models; Functional recoveryAbstract
Cerebrovascular disease constitutes a global health problem, being the leading cause of disability in the adult population. It causes functional and structural deficiencies, activity limitation, and participation restriction. With the aim of identifying the available scientific evidence on predictive factors for the recovery of functional capacity in patients with acute ischemic cerebral infarction, a systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted following the protocol reported in the PRISMA guideline. The following electronic databases were reviewed: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, BMC, Cochrane Library, SciELO, and Google Scholar from May 2023 to June 2024. Statistical analysis was performed using EPIDAT software version 3.1. Heterogeneity among studies was estimated using the RI coefficient, chi-square, and I². The database search identified 2 296 records, of which 142 studies were eligible and 16 were included during full-text screening. The main associated factors were: initial neurological deficit scale, sex, smoking, systolic blood pressure, age (OR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.06–1.14), diabetes mellitus (OR: 1.42, 95% CI: 0.81–2.51), atrial fibrillation (OR: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.14–1.95), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.03–1.36). A significant association was demonstrated between the different predictive factors for recovery of functional capacity. A predictive tool with a biopsychosocial approach that takes into account the identified factors is required.
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