Characteristics and predictive factors of healthcare-associated infections in critically ill patients
Keywords:
Infection, Intensive Care Units, Prediction.Abstract
Introduction: healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) have a higher prevalence among critically ill patients. Contextualized studies are needed to clarify their characteristics and predictive factors.
Objective: to identify the characteristics and predictive factors of healthcare-associated infections.
Methods: a cohort study was conducted on 364 patients. Characteristics were compared between patients with and without infections. To identify predictive factors, infection was considered the dependent variable, and severity indexes, comorbidity, and length of stay were considered independent variables. Descriptive statistics, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were applied.
Results: HAIs developed in 7.9 % of patients. Of these, 62.1 % were male (p = 0.025). The mean age was estimated at 44.9 years (95 % CI: 38.0–51.7) (p = 0.098). The average Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score was 15.1 (95 % CI: 12.7–17.6), and the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score was 3.0 (95 % CI: 1.7–4.3). The main infection site was bloodstream infection (31.0 %). The most frequent microorganisms were Staphylococcus aureus (27.5 %) and Enterobacter spp. (27.5 %). Mechanical ventilation (adjusted OR: 7.7, 95 % CI: 2.6–22.8) and length of stay ≥ 7 days (adjusted OR: 2.8, 95 % CI: 1.1–6.9) were identified as predictive factors.
Conclusions: patients are characterized by older age, higher severity, organ dysfunction, and comorbidities. Mechanical ventilation and a length of stay ≥ 7 days are predictive factors for the development of healthcare-associated infections.Downloads
References
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