Influence of bronchial asthma in the absenteeism in children of 5-12 years attended in the Specialty clinic in Bayamo

Abstract

Introduction: the importance of asthma in children like a sanitary problem not only lies in its mortality or in the frequency of the hospitalizations. A main sign of asthma lies in its character of chronic illness that affects the life quality and the social, educational and labour fulfilment of the children and their family, increasing the percentage of absenteeism.
Objective: to characterize the influence of the bronchial asthma in the absenteeism in children of 5 to 12 years attended in the Medical specialty clinic in Bayamo, during the period of January to December of the 2011.
Method: it was performed a descriptive and transversal study in asthmatic children attended in the medical specialty clinic in Bayamo, during the period of January to December of the 2011, the universe was constituted by 122 children between the ages of 5-12 years, selecting a sample that was made by the 51 asthmatic children belonging to the ages for the study.
Results: the group of ages of 5 to 8 years was the most affected with 64, 8%, prevailing the male sex, the main risk factors were the environmental pollution, the acarids of the domestic dust, and the changes of temperature, only the 21, 8 %, of the children with inter-crisis treatment had absenteeism school whereas those that did not realize the inter-crisis treatment presented 100% of absenteeism, the most affected months were December and January.
Conclusions: the bronchial asthma constitutes a serious health problem that has an impact in the social field for the absenteeism, being of paramount importance the attention of these children in the services of allergy when ascertaining a greater profile of security in the inter- crisis treatments indicated, with an improvement of the quality of life of these patients and the decrease of the absenteeism for this cause.