Epidemiological characterization and therapeutic clinic of women with breast cancer in the urban area of Bayamo

Abstract

Breast cancer is a health problem, occupying the second cause of cancer death in women. An epidemiological, descriptive, retrospective study of women diagnosed with breast cancer was carried out, from the Jesús Menéndez urban popular council, belonging to the "Jimmy Hirzel" Polyclinic, Bayamo municipality, during 2018-2020, with the objective of determining the characteristics epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic in diagnosed patients. The universe was made up of 147 patients who attended the polyclinic's breast clinic in the indicated period, and the sample, the 80 patients diagnosed with the disease. The variables were studied: age, predisposing factors, histological type and treatment used. The incidence rate was calculated. Statistical records of the polyclinic breast consultation, pathological anatomy, individual clinical records, as well as the national cancer registry were reviewed, a database was established where all the information collected was recorded. Theoretical, empirical and statistical methods were used. As a result, the most frequent age of diagnosis of breast cancer in the women studied was 40-49 years (43.7%); the predisposing factor most found was the presence of family and personal history (20%); Infiltrating ductal carcinoma was the most diagnosed (50%) and the most used treatment was chemotherapy in 34 patients, which represented 42%. The incidence rate was 74.93. The characterization of the patients with breast cancer studied provided data that can be used as bibliographic sources for future research.