Survival of the newborn who requires a mechanical ventilation

Abstract

Introduction: newborn faces a major challenge to survive outside his/her mother. He starts breathing, which allows getting oxygen from the environment, requiring an anatomical development of airways, normal pulmonary blood vessels, and the adequate lung stability, which is a function of the amount and quality of pulmonary surfactant of the newborn, and the ability to establish an adequate pulmonary ventilation and perfusion.
Objective: to know the survival of the newborn requiring AMV in «Carlos Manuel de Céspedes» Hospital of Bayamo.
Method: it was performed a prospective observational study of ventilated newborns in the Neonatology Service of the General University Hospital «Carlos Manuel de Céspedes» in Bayamo, Granma in the period of January 1^st 2011 until December 31^st 2013.
Results: the hyaline membrane was about 90% until the fourth day from which it decreases and 88% belonged to the connatal bronchopneumonia, both with statistical significance, the pulmonary edema had a 100% of survival related to cesarean delivery. The initial overall survival was 98% with step-down, noticing on the seventh day a survival rate of 40%, it was found a relative risk over one in the selected variables. The duration of ventilation in ventilated neonates alive was 4.17 ± 2.92 days compared to those who died of 6.17 ± 2.57 days with statistical significance of p = 0.0001. We conclude that the survival for ventilated infants was generally good, within the study period there were 29 deceased newborns, prevailing males and caesarean delivery.
Conclusions: overall survival decreases as ventilation increases for seven days or more. In newborns with gestational age between 30 and 33.6 weeks the survival decreased from the sixth day.