Humoral immunodeficiencies in children 1-5 years old. Main infectious diseases associated. Granma. 2012-2017
Keywords:
immune system disease, humoral immunity, IgA deficiency, agammaglobulinemia, communicable diseasesAbstract
Immunodeficiencies are a set of diseases by qualitative or quantitative alterations in the components of the immune system, whose main clinical manifestation is the association with infectious diseases. Knowing the behaviour of humoral immunodeficiencies and associated infections contribute to the correct diagnosis and treatment of patients, to the correct planning of expensive resources and to maintain adequate vaccination coverage. An analytical study of cases and controls was carried out at the Granma Ambulatory Medical Center from 2012 to 2017, aimed at describing the behaviour of humoral immunodeficiencies in children aged 1-5 years and their association with infectious diseases. The sample consisted of 156 patients, 52 with immunodeficiencies, considered cases and 104 without immunodeficiencies that made up the control group. Age, sex, presence of allergies, associated infections and frequency of appearance of humoral immunodeficiencies were analysed. The statistical processing included descriptive statistics, making use of summary measures for qualitative variables. Chi-square and odds ratio tests with a significance level of 5 % were used to identify the association between variables. Among the immunodeficient individuals of 2 years and the male sex predominated. The most frequent immunodeficiency was IgA deficiency. Age was not associated with the possibility of suffering from different types of immunodeficiency. Among the associated infectious diseases, pneumonias and otitis were the most common. The common cold was not associated with immunodeficiencies.
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